Is cancer The Same As Oncology?

Oncology is a scientific discipline that studies tumours and malignancies. These tumours and malignancies are mostly cancerous. So it would not be wrong to call them Oncology Cancer. Each cell in the body has a complex regulatory system to monitor its development, maturation, reproduction, and eventual demise. Cancer begins when cells in a specific body area begin to multiply uncontrollably. Even though there are various types of cancer, they all stem from abnormal cell development.

What are the types of cancer?

Cancer is divided into five primary categories:

  • Carcinomas: Typically, cancer begins in the cells that line the skin or internal organs.

  • Sarcomas: Bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, and other connective tissues are common sites for sarcomas to grow.

  • Leukaemia: The blood and bone marrow are where leukaemia begins.

  • Lymphomas: The immune system is the origin of lymphomas.

  • CNS (Central Nervous System) tumours affect the brain and spinal cord and are central nervous system malignancies.

How does cancer occur?

Cancer is caused primarily by DNA mutations. Each gene in a cell contains a set of instructions from the cell's DNA that tells it about the operations to do, grow and divide. Incorrect instructions can usually cause a cell to stop working and even allow a cancerous cell to develop.

Possible risk factors of cancer include:

  • Smoking

  • Alcohol

  • Radiation 

  • Genetic disorder

  • Infection

What are the treatment options available for cancer?

In Oncology, cancer can be treated by various methods that include:

  • Chemotherapy: It involves killing cancer cells with the help of drugs.

  • Hormone Therapy: It reduces the growth of cancer cells that rely on hormones for their multiplication.

  • Hyperthermia: Body tissues are heated to kill cancer cells.

  • Photodynamic Therapy: This treatment procedure involves using light to kill cancer cells.

  • Immunotherapy: Strengthens immune to fight illness.

  • Radiation Therapy: Uses radiation to kill the infected cells.

  • Stem cell Transplant: It restores destroyed stem cells during cancer treatment.

  • Surgery: The infected part is removed from the body under this procedure.

  • Targeted Therapy: It targets the cancer cells and reduces their number.

Cancer is a fast-growing disease. Its treatment relies upon the type, age, and doctor. To learn more about Oncology Cancer, visit Max healthcare that have the best oncologists in India.

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